Some aspects of varietal specificity of clonal micropropagation and deposition of native Don grape varieties

Abstract. Aboriginal, ancient varieties growing in various regions of grape cultivation are an important part of the global gene pool of culture and an undisclosed layer of knowledge about the potential for industrial production and use in combination and clone breeding. The specificity and diversity of grape varieties growing on the Don are evidence of the centuries-old history of viticulture in this area. These varieties are of significant value not only for cultivation, but also for use in breeding work. Due to the fact that many native Don varieties have different centers of origin (although they all belong to the species Vitis vinifera L.), it is theoretically possible that some varieties will have special requirements for cultivation and preservation in vitro collections. For native Don varieties, varietal specificity in vitro culture was studied at the stage of rooting, microcuttings of shoots and depositing. When comparing the features of morphogenesis in culture in vitro, it was found that the following varieties have the highest growth rate of shoots: Tsimlyanskiy belyi and Bessergenevskiy №10, and the lowest Makhrovatchik and Plechistik oboepolyi. The best foliage was noted in the varieties Belobulanyi and Sypun chernyi, and the development of the root system in the varieties Tsimladar, Tsimlyanskiy chernyi and Sibirkovyi. The lowest rates of root development were in microplants of the varieties Belobulanyi and Tsimlyanskiy belyi. The best indicators for the duration of deposit in culture in vitro were noted in the following varieties: Varyushkin, Kukanovskyi, Kosorotovskiy and Sypun chernyi (more than 600 days), and the lowest in the varieties: Kabashnyi, Kumshatskiy belyi and Sibirkovyi (about 350 days). Key words: microclonal propagation, varietal specificity in culture in vitro, duration of deposition in vitro, aboriginal Don grape varieties