Research Progress on Serum Biomarkers of Endometrial Cancer

子宫内膜癌(Endometrial cancer, EC)是发生于子宫内膜的上皮恶性肿瘤，又称子宫体癌，是女性生殖道三大常见恶性肿瘤之一。随着人口平均寿命的增加以及生活方式的改变，EC的发病率呈持续上升且呈年轻化趋势。因此，EC的早期筛查及治疗对改善患者预后和提高患者生存率具有重要价值。诊断EC的“金标准”为子宫内膜活体组织病理学检查，然而此方法具有侵入性、创伤性等缺点，致使其在临床筛查中受限，因此寻求一种高特异性和高敏感性的无创性生物学指标来诊断早期EC显得至关重要。本文将对EC的血清肿瘤标志物、当前研究现状、发展趋势及预后评估等问题进行综述。Endometrial cancer (EC) is an epithelial malignant tumor that occurs in the endometrium, also known as uterine body cancer. It is one of the three common malignant tumors in the female reproductive tract. With the increase of the average life span of the population and the change of life style, the incidence rate of EC continues to rise and tends to be younger. Therefore, early screening and treatment of EC are of great value in improving patient prognosis and increasing patient survival rate. The “gold standard” for diagnosing EC is endometrial biopsy, but this method has disadvantages such as invasiveness and trauma, which limits its clinical screening. Therefore, it is crucial to seek a highly specific and sensitive non-invasive biological indicator to diagnose early EC. This article will review the serum tumor markers, current research status, development trends, and prognostic evaluation of EC.