Study of Water and Atmospheric Pollution Problems in the Republic of Buryatia using the Kuznets Environmental Curve

The Republic of Buryatia, located in the northern part of Asia, is characterized by significant biodiversity and rich natural resource potential. However, active economic activity, including mining, industrial production and energy, leads to significant environmental problems, especially in the field of air pollution and water resources. In recent years, there has been an increase in emissions of pollutants from stationary sources, which complicates the environmental situation, especially in the cities of Ulan-Ude, Selenginsk and Gusinoozersk. Despite the measures taken to reduce pollution, the region continues to face environmental challenges that require further analysis and the development of strategies to mitigate them. The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental problems of the Republic of Buryatia on the example of pollution of water and atmospheric resources using the Ecological Kuznets curve (EKC). The EKC allows us to assess the impact of economic development on the environment, which helps to develop effective measures to reduce the negative impact of economic activity on the environment.