CONCEPTUAL CONVERGENCE: DISINFORMATION, FAKE NEWS, AND INFORMATION INFLUENCE AS A TRIAD OF SECURITY THREATS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIETY 5.0

The rapid advancement of technologies and the widespread application of communication tools significantly transform how individuals perceive and interact with information. Concurrently, the increasing volume of data and the sophistication of information technologies necessitate robust conceptual frameworks to ensure information security. This shift underscores the evolution of information into a critical and valuable resource, making it a prime target for influence in both business and societal contexts. Disinformation, fake news, and information influence have emerged as tools of interference, posing severe threats to modern societies. These phenomena can undermine democratic institutions and processes by obstructing individuals' ability to make informed decisions regarding their professional, social, and public lives. In recent decades, their role as threats has become integral to the evolving paradigm of security. In the dynamic context of the contemporary world, the traditional understanding of "security" has gradually expanded to encompass a broader, interdisciplinary approach. This new perspective incorporates economic, informational, environmental, social, and technological dimensions, redefining security as a complex phenomenon requiring adaptive and comprehensive solutions. The scientific and applied research into disinformation, fake news, and information influence, as subversive processes, is multifaceted and spans various disciplines. In the security domain, these phenomena are defined and analyzed within strategic and normative frameworks. This paper aims to conduct a documentary review and analysis of the conceptual apparatus employed in national strategic and normative documents through the method of content analysis. Focusing on their application to countering information threats, the study will interpret and evaluate these concepts. The proposed approach seeks to establish conceptual convergence and develop a sustainable framework to address these challenges effectively.