Application and transformation of traditional forms and materials in contemporary interior design

This case study highlights the use of natural building materials and the integration of historical architectural forms in contemporary interior design. The purpose of this publication is to identify approaches to the use of materials and historical forms when adapting historic buildings to new functions. The analysis of recent studies shows that scientists and architects focus on the following aspects of designing interiors for historical buildings: - strengthening the building's load-bearing structure; - compliance with operational requirements, in particular compliance with building codes regarding heat loss, fire safety, and accessibility; - compliance with legislation on heritage protection; - materials science and construction traditions of the region. Within the collaboration of diverse research trajectories, the primary focus is placed on doctrines of the practical utilization of historical buildings, with due consideration given to heritage preservation regulations. This study is based on the analysis of global architectural design and construction practices. Summarizing the reviewed examples, the primary methodological approaches to using natural materials in the design of modern interiors in historical buildings include: - exposing old masonry followed by the restoration of stonework; - utilizing stone materials such as sandstone, limestone, or brick, integrated into modern interiors with an emphasis on showcasing their textures. The demand for authenticity and a profound sense of history has given rise to an interior design trend that emulates the use of natural materials, particularly stone masonry. Using the authors' project on adapting a historical building into a hotel as an example, this study demonstrates the potential to combine ancient construction logic with modern design. To preserve the cultural and historical uniqueness of the architecture in the new interior, traditional geometric forms such as vaulted ceilings, domes, arches, and semicircular openings are employed. However, these elements are created using modern technologies, including laser cutting and material shaping based on digital models. In conclusion, traditional structures of historical buildings and materials that were once suited to the local climate at the time of construction no longer meet the functional requirements of modern housing due to technical reasons and energy-saving demands. Today, materials and forms are used in interior design within historical buildings primarily as decorative elements, disregarding their structural potential.