Cannabis use and mental health in adolescents’ brain development: a position paper

The increasing prevalence of cannabis use among adolescents raises significant public health concerns, particularly regarding its impact on mental health. This position paper explores the complex relationship between cannabis use, specifically tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and adolescent mental health development. With approximately 209 million cannabis users globally in 2022, the adolescent demographic is particularly vulnerable due to ongoing brain development during this critical life stage. THC, the psychoactive component of cannabis, has been linked to various psychological issues such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis, as it disrupts the endocannabinoid system crucial for cognitive functions. Research indicates that early exposure to THC can lead to long-term cognitive impairments and increased susceptibility to mental health disorders. Conversely, CBD, a non-psychoactive compound, shows potential therapeutic benefits but its effects on adolescent brain development remain inadequately understood. The paper underscores the necessity for comprehensive research to elucidate the long-term consequences of cannabis use among adolescents and advocates for early intervention strategies. It emphasizes the importance of evidence-based public health policies and educational programs aimed at reducing cannabis use in this demographic. By addressing these issues, stakeholders can better equip adolescents to make informed decisions regarding cannabis consumption and mitigate associated mental health risks.