Sensitization to allergenic molecules of synanthropic mites

Over 85% of patients with bronchial asthma are sensitized to mites from the Pyroglyphidae, Acaridae, Glycyphagidae families. The aims of our study were to analyze the sensitization profile of patients with allergies to allergens of Pyroglyphidae, Acaridae, Glycyphagidae mites and appropriate molecules. Blood serum samples have been taken from 923 patients aged 5 to 58 years with a previously established allergic status, IgE antibodies to 300 allergens (120 whole extracts and 180 molecular components), along with total IgE antibodies being simultaneously measured using allergochip ALEX 2 (MacroArrayDX (MADx, Austria)). In 26% (241 of 923) of the patients, IgE antibodies to allergens of synanthropic mites and their molecules was detected. 87% (210 of 240) of these subjects exhibited sensitization to allergens of house dust mites (HDM), and 60% (145 of 241), to storage mites (SM). IgE antibodies was most often detected for single molecules of mite origin (33.3% of patients). IgE antibodies was simultaneously detected for 2-11 molecules in 0,9-22,9% of patients, respectively. Sensitization to the complex of major allergens (Der p 1, 2, 23 and/or Der f 1 and 2) and minor allergenic molecules (Der p 5, 7, 21) reached 36%. Sensitization to major allergens only (Der p 1 and/or, 2 and/or 23) was found in 25% of cases. 67 variants of sensitization profiles (patterns) to allergens of synanthropic mites were revealed among patients. The detection frequency of IgE antibodies to clinically significant allergenic molecules has been increased by 2.4-4.6 times over the past ten years.