Study on the Rheology of Healing–Sensing Asphalt and the Evaluation of Self-Healing and Self-Sensing Performances

Polyurethane (PU) and polyaniline (PANI) were used to construct a new smart asphalt with self-healing and self-sensing performance. PU and PANI formed a stable healing–sensing double network structure. This paper studied the high-temperature, fatigue, permanent deformation, and low-temperature performances of modified asphalt by rheology. The self-healing and self-sensing performances were evaluated. The sensitivity of self-sensing performance to the self-healing performance in the healing–sensing asphalt was tested. The results were as follows: PU and PANI could improve the high-temperature, fatigue, and low-temperature performances of asphalt. The permanent deformation performance did not improve but did not decline either. Considering the self-healing performance of modified asphalt, the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures might not be adversely affected. The healing–sensing performances and rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures will be investigated to analyze their effects on the practical application. The self-healing and self-sensing performances were improved. The healing–sensing double network structure brought great sensitivity of self-sensing performance to the self-healing performance. Asphalt modified by PU and PANI had benefits not only on pavement performances but also on self-healing and self-sensing performances. Therefore, the new smart asphalt could introduce a new function for pavement based on meeting the pavement performances.