Eye Gaze Controlled Virtual Keyboard

Abstract— Eye gaze technology has emerged as a transformative tool within Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), offering innovative solutions for individuals with physical disabilities. A review of the development and application of an eye gaze-controlled virtual keyboard demonstrates its potential to facilitate typing without the use of hands or fingers, empowering users with limited motor abilities. Key challenges in gaze detection, eye-blink differentiation, and interaction reliability are addressed, contributing to the fields of assistive technology and inclusive design. Experimental results validate the system’s usability and accuracy, emphasizing its potential to improve the quality of life for users with mobility impairments. Keywords Gaze Tracking Algorithms, Pupil Detection, Landmark Detection, Visual Servoing, Optical Flow, Hough Transform, Thresholding Techniques, Neural Networks for Gaze Prediction, Eye Region of Interest (ROI), Pupil-Corneal Reflection (PCR), K-means Clustering, Camera Calibration, Head Pose Estimation, Saccadic Movements.