Megaprojects and Their Role in Russia’s Long-Term ScientificTechnological and Socio-Economic Development

The paper provides a definition to the concept of a megaproject and gives an estimate of the share of the cost for megaprojects, which is about 8% of the world GDP, and for leading countries it is up to 20-30% of GDP. The author outlines the essential objective for Russia, i.e., the return of an accelerated socio-economic growth based on scientific and technological innovative progress and radical transformation of the economy, social sphere, and management system. The experience of creating and implementing large megaprojects in our country and other countries of the world is analyzed. The connection between the megaprojects launched in the USSR and modern Russia, particularly for the development of Siberia, is emphasized. The author concludes it is necessary to generalize the positive world experience of developing and implementing megaprojects for an accelerated rise in the technological and socioeconomic level of Russia after the completion of the Special Military Operation. Moreover, economic development of modern Russia is summarized based on data collected since 1991. The goals of transforming the socio-economic system of Russia are outlined. The list of megaprojects being implemented and planned to ensure the solution of this problem includes establishing innovation centers, investing in the development of microelectronics, robotics, mechanical engineering, housing construction, aircraft and automobile manufacturing, etc. To increase investment efficiency, it is proposed to reduce the role of the state and replace national projects with commercial megaprojects. Russia is a country of great opportunities and therefore new achievements depend on our determination and good organization.