Application of Spectral Phototherapy in the Treatment of Patients with Ronchopathy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: a Prospective Study

INTRODUCTION. The clinically frequently detected combination of ronchopathy (snoring) and obstructive sleep apnea is an important problem in modern medicine. Correction of this pathology is performed surgically with known success, however, in this regard, it is necessary to point out the features of the condition of most patients that prevent surgical intervention, as well as the observed frequency of recurrence of the process. In addition, the importance of transient factors in upper respiratory tract obstruction, which require correction during the acute phase, indicates the prospects for the development of modern therapeutic approaches. AIM. To study the effectiveness of the original spectral phototherapy method in the complex treatment of patients with ronchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 90 patients (67 men and 23 women) aged 30 to 75 years with bronchopathy and moderate obstructive sleep apnea. The examination of these individuals was carried out using questionnaires, pharyngoscopy, respiratory monitoring, and biochemical analysis (calculating the balance of a number of trace elements) before, 10 days, and 3 months after treatment. These patients were divided into three groups, each consisting of 30 people. In all groups, standard treatment was performed, including positional therapy, exercises for facial muscles, etc. In group 1, they limited themselves to this, while in group 2, they additionally used intraoral mouthguards, and in group 3, mouthguards and spectral phototherapy were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The data from the questionnaire survey performed after treatment reflected the regression of disease manifestations in patients of all groups, however, with the priority of the third group, the treatment of which included spectral phototherapy. A decrease in the intensity of snoring and a decrease in the number of episodes of sleep apnea with improved sleep quality was noted after 10 days of treatment in 12 patients of the first group, 18 in the second and 21 in the third, and after 3 months of treatment, the preservation of the therapeutic effect was noted in 9 patients of the first group, 11 in the second and 15 in the third, which correlated with an increase in potassium, magnesium, manganese, and calcium, and corresponded to the transition of OSA from moderate to mild. CONCLUSION. Spectral phototherapy is an effective method indicated for use in the complex treatment of patients with ronchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome of moderate severity.