Invasive Fire Ants Potential Area of Distribution in the South-Eastern Balkans by 2050

In August 2022 four fire ant species were included in the list of Invasive Alien Species of European Union concern. These species are venomous, stinging pests that are dangerous for human health in the invaded countries and have profound adverse impacts on the native biodiversity as well. Although they are not currently present in Bulgaria, there is a high risk of being introduced and becoming established. Our study outlines the potential Bulgarian territory and adjacent regions which may be affected by two of the fire ants (Solenopsis invicta and Wasmannia auropunctata) by 2050. Digital maps of their potential spread are made in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. In accordance with our results and the extremely expensive fight against these pests, we give concrete recommendations to Bulgarian national institutions for preventing the potential invasion.