Clinical Management of Parkinson's Disease: Features, Diagnosis, and Principles of Treatment

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurological syndrome that is associated with a plethora of motor and nonmotor symptoms. Recognizing prodromal symptoms and diagnosing PD early and accurately as well as employing timely management strategies targeting motor and nonmotor symptoms across all disease stages will have the potential to improve clinical outcomes. The application of critical advances in the field including the development of biomarkers, pharmacological treatments, exercise, and surgical therapies will be important for clinical practitioners. In this review, we will address differential diagnoses and disease mimics, as well as provide critical updates on clinical diagnosis and management strategies.