Promising Strategies for Sustainable Remediation: Isolation and Evaluation of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria from Contaminated Sites in South Celebes, Indonesia

Petroleum, or crude oil, is a vital natural resource that plays a significant role in modern society. However, improper petroleum utilization can cause environmental harm, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. Currently, the use of microorganisms for the elimination of toxic and harmful compounds is very promising. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate potential hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from different contamination sites, including Paotere Port, Kayu Bangkoa Pier, and Popsa Pier South Celebes, Indonesia. The bacterial samples obtained were screened for their ability to reduce surface tension using a Du Novy tensiometer. The percentage of biodegradation was calculated based on the gravimetric test. The results showed that the maximum reduction in surface tension occurred at the end of the exponential growth phase. Furthermore, a high biodegradation rate was found; PT isolates could degrade petroleum hydrocarbons by 52.03%, KB isolates by 52.97%, and PS isolates by 39.90%.