Nano MgO: A Promising Biocompatible Candidate in the Modern Medicinal Field

Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles have been created using simple chemical and environmentally sustainable methods, with magnesium chloride, magnesium acetate, and magnesium nitrate as catalysts. The surface area, crystal morphology, and reaction sites change with synthesis conditions. MgO nanocomposite or drug delivery nanocomposite are prepared for active drugs with various biological functions like antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, bone repairing mechanism, anti-diabetics, cytotoxicity, etc. Because of their high strength-to-weight ratio and good biocompatibility in acidic media, nano-MgO composites are used in bone implants, biodegradable fibers, and screws. Nano MgO has optimum biocompatibility due to its less toxic nature. It is also used with other nanocomposites, and its physicochemical properties change with the doping of other metals or metal oxides.