Vaccine effectiveness of inactivated and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine platform during Delta and Omicron wave in Jakarta, Indonesia: A test-negative case-control study
A complete primary dose of inactivated vaccine provided mild protection against COVID-19 and essential protection against fatal cases during the Delta wave, but offered little to no protection during the Omicron wave. In contrast, the mRNA vaccine, either as primary vaccination, homologous, or heterologous booster regimen, conferred acceptable protection against Omicron. This study recommends real-world vaccination strategies for LMICs with typical vaccine supply constraints.
Authors
- Elvan Wiyarta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-7804)
- Dwi Gayatri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9641-2100)
- Fira Alyssa Gabriella Sinuraya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5935-8870)
- Erlina Burhan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-8293)
- Hanna Lianti Afladhia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2732-2555)
- Farchan Azzumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0327-4399)
- Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8868-1004)
- Iwan Ariawan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-8173)
- Ahmad Fadhil Ilham (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-8111)
- Ihya Akbar
Institutions
- University of Indonesia (ID)
- Indonesian Pediatric Society (ID)
- National Brain Centre (ID)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PLoS ONE
- Published
- 2025-06-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320779
- Primary Topic
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- AstraZeneca