Tumoral pSMAD2 as a prognostic biomarker in early-stage breast cancer: insights from the randomized SweBCG91RT trial
Medium pSMAD2 levels were linked to an increased recurrence risk compared to high levels, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role of TGF-β in early breast tumorigenesis. However, no significant differences were noted for low pSMAD2 levels. In Luminal tumors, TGF-β signaling was negatively associated with TILs. These findings indicate that therapeutic targeting of TGF-β warrants careful consideration of tumor stage and subtype.
Authors
- Axel Stenmark Tullberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3652-3706)
- Emma Niméus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0262-9083)
- Viktoria Thurfjell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-2674)
- Fredrika Killander (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-0459)
- Patrick Micke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1210-5961)
- Anikó Kovács (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8117-6283)
- Aristidis Moustakas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-3827)
- Carina Strell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3783-7256)
- Erik Holmberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5107-4550)
- Per Karlsson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-2672)
Institutions
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Science for Life Laboratory (SE)
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
- Skåne University Hospital (SE)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
- Published
- 2025-06-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-025-07744-0
- Primary Topic
- TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Trond Mohn stiftelse
- Cancerfonden
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Uppsala Universitet
- Stiftelsen Konung Gustaf V:s Jubileumsfond