The Impact of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Elements on Crime Victimization and Fear of Crime in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

According to the Mongolian National Police and the National Statistical Office, the number of crime incidents in Mongolia has steadily increased over the past three years. The ongoing occurrence of crime can be interpreted as a warning signal of risks to societal safety. Furthermore, even if individuals do not experience direct harm, exposure to crime news through media or acquaintances can increase anxiety and fear, leading them to feel like indirect victims. Therefore, effective measures to prevent crime are necessary. CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) is a crime prevention method that has been successfully applied in various countries. Unlike past research, which focused on analyzing the characteristics of criminals, victims, and crime locations to understand the causes of crime, CPTED analyzes the impact of environmental factors on crime occurrences and aims to prevent crime through the design of these factors. Many countries have conducted extensive research to apply optimal CPTED strategies suited to their unique characteristics, and successful cases have been reported. Mongolia also requires extensive research and case studies to apply CPTED suitable for its historical and cultural context. Therefore, this study aims to introduce and implement CPTED as a crime prevention method in Mongolia. It seeks to assess the level of awareness of the residential environment among Mongolian residents and verify how residential environmental factors influence crime victimization and fear of crime. Based on the findings of this study, it aims to propose CPTED strategies tailored to Mongolia's national, geographical, and cultural characteristics, contributing to the reduction of crime rates and fear of crime, as well as improving urban safety and promoting sustainable development.