A multifaceted approach to tibial shaft fractures: a comprehensive overview

Tibial shaft fractures represent a common orthopedic challenge, often requiring surgical intervention for optimal management. Non-operative treatment, involving immobilization with casting or bracing, is typically reserved for stable fractures or cases where surgery poses significant risks. Internal fixation, utilizing intramedullary nails or plates and screws, offers stable fixation and allows for early mobilization. External fixation (EF) provides a versatile option, particularly in cases of open fractures or severe soft tissue injury, enabling temporary stabilization and facilitation of soft tissue recovery before definitive fixation. Effective management of tibial shaft fractures requires careful consideration of patient factors, fracture characteristics, and surgical techniques to optimize outcomes and minimize complications. In this review, we summarized the progress of multifaceted approach to tibial shaft fractures, so as to provide new knowledge for a comprehensive understanding in the integrate therapy of tibial shaft fractures.