The Use of Body-Worn Cameras by Security Guards: Insights from the Swedish Case

A Body-Worn Camera refers to a recording device or similar equipment designed to be worn or carried by security guards, enabling video and audio recording of nearby events during their duties. Typically attached to the chest or shoulder, these devices record real-time site conditions, with some models capable of audio-only recording or providing GPS-based location data. Designed to record and transmit field conditions in real time, the data captured is encrypted and includes security features to prevent tampering. Leveraging these advantages, Sweden employs Body-Worn Cameras primarily to protect security guards and improve their working conditions, rather than focusing on the public's surveillance. Swedish security companies justify the adoption and use of Body-Worn Cameras as a measure to security guards from customers and enhance their work environment. The legal justification for this is based on the “legitimate interests” provision in Article 6(1)(f) of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This implies that security companies can process personal data using Body-Worn Cameras without the consent of the data subjects if it serves the purpose of improving the safety and working conditions of their personnel. The Swedish case represents a notable departure from the predominantly American context for Body-Worn Cameras use. In South Korea, issues such as workplace abuse, verbal and physical assaults, and industrial accidents involving security guards have emerged as significant social concerns. Against this backdrop, it may be time to discuss providing them with Body-Worn Cameras. Therefore, this study aims to explore the legal grounds and potential issues involved in providing body cameras to security guards as a measure to prevent crimes against them and improve their working conditions.