Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2,4-Triazole–Furazan Compounds as High-Performance Heat-Resistant Energetic Materials

Furazan derivatives have been pursued as attractive building blocks for advanced energetic materials; however, their low thermal stability limits their practical application. Two synthetic strategies, including diazotization-cyclization and oxidative amine coupling, were employed to synthesize a series of furazan compounds with good thermal stability. Among these, (<i>E</i>)-1,2-bis(5-(4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) diazene (<b>10</b>) achieves a good balance between detonation performance (<i>D</i>_v = 8802 m s^-1; <i>P</i> = 32.56 GPa) and thermal stability (<i>T</i>_d = 295 °C), surpassing that of RDX. This work provides comprehensive guidance for synthesizing energetic materials with high detonation performance and excellent thermal stability.