Biogenesis, function and role of circular RNA in Gall Bladder Carcinoma-A narrative review

Abstract CircRNA, which stands for circular RNA, consists of non-coding transcripts found in eukaryotic cells. These RNAs have the potential to modulate the cell cycle and several signaling pathways, affecting processes such as cell growth, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis, thereby significantly contributing to cancer development. Gallbladder cancer, a biliary tract cancer, often presents at advanced stages and lacks early non-invasive biomarkers, underscoring the urgent need for their discovery. Although studies on non-coding RNAs have been carried out, their viability as biomarkers remains to be fully validated. Research has shown that circRNA is implicated in various cancers, including gallbladder cancer. Its increasingly recognized role in gallbladder malignancy could represent a promising RNA target for clinical diagnostics and treatment development. This review explores circRNA biogenesis and function, the signaling pathways it influences, and the latest research advances in gallbladder carcinoma.