Performance Evaluation of Parking Collision Avoidance Assist System Based on Real-World Accidents

This study analyzes parking accident types and evaluates the performance of the Parking Autonomous Emergency Braking (P-AEB) system. A total of 4,071 real-world black box accident cases were analyzed, revealing that rearward parking accidents occur approximately four times more frequently than forward ones. Additionally, 79.1% of parking accidents involved collisions with stationary vehicles. The most common accident types were non-steering rearward collisions (34.0%), steering rearward diagonal collisions (24.2%), and non-steering diagonal rearward collisions (16.2%). The P-AEB performance evaluation followed the RCAR guidelines, testing 18 scenarios (6 forward, 12 rearward collisions). Results indicate that higher speeds increase the likelihood of rearward collisions, and all vehicles failed to avoid collisions in diagonal rearward parking scenarios. Additionally, P-AEB did not activate when entering forward while turning left, resulting in collisions. This study confirms that P-AEB performance varies depending on the installed system and parking environment, and in some situations, current technology may not fully prevent accidents. Future research should focus on enhancing P-AEB sensor detection and evaluation methods to improve real-world accident prevention effectiveness.