Designing Problem-Based E-Learning to Foster Critical Thinking and Motivation: A Feasibility and Practicality Study

The objective of this study is to develop a problem-based e-learning program designed to enhance critical thinking skills and learning motivation among elementary school students. This research is motivated by various issues in current educational practices, such as low student motivation, limited critical thinking ability, lack of active student participation, and insufficient integration of technology in the classroom. The study applied the ADDIE development model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—and was conducted at SDIT Salman Al-Farisi II with fifth-grade students. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, using instruments such as expert validation sheets and teacher-student response questionnaires. The data were analyzed using both descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. The developed e-learning media received scores of 74 from material experts and 60 from media experts, both categorized as "Very Feasible." Practicality tests showed that teachers gave a score of 108, while students provided a total score of 2166, both indicating a "Very Practical" classification. The results suggest that the problem-based e-learning media is both feasible and practical for classroom use and holds strong potential to improve critical thinking and enhance learning motivation through engaging, interactive learning experiences.