THE ORIGIN OF FUTURISTIC DESIGN

The article examines the conditions of development and characteristic features of futuristic design, and studies foreign and national examples of futuristic architecture. Futurism is a radical artistic movement of avant-garde art, which was widespread in the early twentieth century. Its representatives presented the future as an era of technology, high speed and pace of life. The purpose of this research is to highlight one of the most important components of contemporary global and national Ukrainian futuristic design, its genesis, in order to understand its development to date and in the future. Futuristic design defines not only the development of modern architectural images, creation tasks, formations, spaces, and environments in the present, near future, and distant future, but also in the search for sources from which national peculiarities have emerged in both the near and distant past. In this article, the authors illustrate that the gradual development and progress of futuristic design over the last few centuries is conditioned by and rooted in futuristic ideas. Among the sources, mythological and biblical concepts of Germanic, Scandinavian, Slavic, and other peoples remain significant. The search for spatial organization in ideal cities of the 12th to 17th centuries is exemplified through 150 cities from various regions of Europe, including Ukraine, which emerged in the 20th century. Additionally, the article examines the futuristic ideas of utopian socialists, referencing the cities of T. More, T. Campanella, Panepistimi, the commune of R. Owen, and Fourier's "Phalanstère." It also discusses new ideas for the development of space and environment at the turn of the 19th to 20th centuries, including the creation of garden cities inspired by E. Howard, as well as contributions from English architects R. Enwin, B. Parker, E. Latens, and German architects R. R. Schmidt and G. Mutzeius.