TOPOGRAPHY AND HYPOTHETICS RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE XIII - XIII CENTURIES DOROHYCHYN (DROHICZYN)

A comprehensive analysis of archaeological and source materials related to the reconstruction of the architectural and spatial structure of Dorohychyn in the High Middle Ages of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries is carried out. The basic topographical components that need to be taken into account in this context are identified, in particular the reconstruction of the Bug River channel, which was important at the time in terms of defense and the location of port and trade and craft zones and made it possible to recreate the southern border of the city; comparative analysis of topographical and archaeological data made it possible to substantiate the proposal to localize the Church of the Virgin Mary located on the acropolis, which was probably the only brick building that reflected the Volyn-Kyiv building tradition; two suburban monasteries, the Trinity Mountain and the Spas monasteries, were localized on the basis of historical interpolation. Based on these and other data, a proposal was first made to recreate the architectural and spatial structure of the city of Dorohychyn in the High Middle Ages of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. At that time, it consisted of several important urban areas, which, however, formed a single system in terms of defense and settlement: the acropolis with the Church of the Virgin Mary, the territory of the suburbs, the Trinity (western) district, the port with a trade and craft post, the territory of the outskirts of the city, the Trinity Mountain Monastery on the so-called Kramchevska Hill, and the Spas Monastery on the left bank of the Bug.