Study of CD10 expression pattern in prostatic adenocarcinoma and its correlation with Gleason's grade

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma of the prostate are increasingly prevalent with advancing age. CD10, a 100-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, plays a role in the cleavage and inactivation of specific peptide hormones essential for signal transduction. This zinc-dependent enzyme is widely expressed in the epithelial cells of the kidney, breast, lung, intestine, and prostate. The aim of our study is to evaluate the CD10 expression pattern in benign and malignant prostatic lesions by immunohistochemistry and to correlate it with Gleason grade group and pre-treatment PSA levels in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for CD10 was performed on 56 cases of paraffin-embedded tissue from transurethral resected and core biopsy specimens of the prostate. Our study found that CD10 positivity was higher in prostatic adenocarcinoma patients compared to BPH patients, with a significant p-value of 0.003. Additionally, we identified a positive linear correlation between CD10 positivity and both Gleason grade group and PSA levels, with significant p-values of 0.0016 and 0.0083, respectively. In conclusion, high CD10 expression may help accurately distinguish prostatic adenocarcinoma from BPH, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.