Enhancing Wheat Yield by Controlling Phosphorus Availability and Physiological Reactions through the Integration of Organic Amendments and Silicon Supplement

One of the primary problems with soil used for crop production worldwide is phosphorus (P) deficiency. Using bacteria and silicon (Si) as inoculants is one of the most effective and economical ways to increase phosphorus availability and improve phosphorus utilization rates in low phosphorus conditions. Few studies have examined how silicon and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria interact to influence wheat biological reactions and yield, despite the fact that their effects on crop performance are well established. A field experiment was conducted at the botany department of Baba Mastnath University in Rohtak between November 2023 and March 2024. The study aimed to examine the combined effects of NPK and Si at four levels (5 g added as silicic acid), PSB at two levels (7.5 and 10 grams of Bacillus megaterium), and SSB at four levels (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g of Bacillus mycoides) on phosphorus uptake by wheat plants and on yield parameters like grain yield, biological yield, number of spikes per spikelet and filled spikelet number, harvest index, spike length, of two wheat varieties—Golden Sharbati 306 and HD 2967. Si, SSB, and PSB were found to be effective in this study across all wheat yield metrics. The quantity of grains per panicle in each wheat variety rose more in T4 when the concentration of Si supplementation, in addition to SSB and PSB, was higher. The greatest increase in the number of filled spikelet in T4 was 17.65% for the golden Sharbati 306 variety and 18.4% for the 2967 variety. In contrast, the grain yield of the HD 2967 and Golden Sharabati 306 varieties increased by 13.31% and 15.7%, respectively, when Si was added to SSB in the T2 treatment. In the T4 treatment of both wheat varieties, Si in conjunction with SSB and PSB enhanced biological yield by 11.63% and 14.55%, respectively. The results of the study show that Silicon, SSB and PSB increased the phosphorus uptake of both wheat varieties and enhanced their yields.