REFLUXO GASTROESOFÁGICO FISIOLÓGICO OU PATOLÓGICO? CRITÉRIOS CLÍNICOS PARA TRATAR OU OBSERVAR COM SEGURANÇA

This article presents a critical analysis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), focusing on the distinction between physiological and pathological forms and proposing criteria for observation or intervention. Based on a review of 30 recent studies, the work evaluates the clinical evidence guiding diagnosis, conventional and alternative therapeutic strategies, and the impact of GERD on quality of life. It emphasizes the importance of a personalized and stepwise approach, highlighting the role of non-pharmacological strategies in mild cases, and the effectiveness of new treatments such as Vonoprazan and antireflux mucosectomy in more severe or refractory presentations. The study concludes that clinical practice should follow well-defined criteria, avoiding both undertreatment and excessive medication use, thus promoting patient-centered care.