Kinetic and kinematic analysis of advanced sprint training effects in school level sprinters

Background: Sprint performance improvements have been attributed mainly to scientific training advancements and technological innovations. Given sprinting's pivotal role in athletics, enhancing performance through structured training is crucial. Objective: This study assessed the effects of a 12-week advanced sprint training program on kinetic (reaction time, acceleration) and kinematic (maximum velocity, stride length) parameters in adolescent male sprinters. Methods: Fifty adolescent boys (aged 13–15 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 25) or control group (n = 25). The experimental group underwent a structured sprint training program incorporating resisted and non-resisted drills. The control group continued standard physical education. Pre-, mid-, and post-intervention data were collected using high-speed video analysis and electronic timing systems. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance set at p < .05. Effect sizes (partial η²) were reported. Results: Significant improvements were observed in the experimental group: Reaction time improved by 25% (from M = 0.178 s to 0.134 s; F(2,48) = 11.66, p < .001, η² = .327). Acceleration improved by 9.3% (from M = 5.03 s to 4.56 s; F = 31.14, p < .001, η² = .565) Maximum velocity enhanced by 12.5% (from M = 8.21 s to 7.18 s; F = 101.21, p < .001, η² = .808) Stride length increased by 9.4% (from M = 1.74 m to 1.90 m; F = 6.28, p = .004, η² = .208) No significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion: The advanced sprint training program significantly enhanced kinetic and kinematic sprint parameters among adolescent sprinters. Integrating scientifically designed sprint drills into school-level programs can accelerate performance gains and support long-term athletic development.