Agrisense: Automated Irrigation and Smart Seeding With Crop Monitoring

This paper presents Agrisense , a smart farming robot designed to perform automated seeding, irrigation, and remote crop monitoring. The system integrates an Arduino Uno microcontroller with a soil moisture sensor, relay module, servo motors, water pump, buzzer, ESP32-CAM, and Bluetooth module. A mobile device connects via Bluetooth to manually drive the vehicle. A mechanical switch triggers the seeding mechanism, and soil conditions are checked every 2 seconds for automated irrigation. When the soil is dry, the pump activates automatically. The ESP32-CAM allows live crop image capture via IP access. Powered by two 9V batteries or an adaptor, this low-cost system is intended to simplify field work for farmers while promoting water conservation and labor efficiency.