Restoration of Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation in Wistar Rat through the Combination of Olive Oil and Gallic Acid

The aim of the current study was investigating the antiatherogenic effects of olive oil and gallic acid as a combination. Forty male atherogenic rats were arbitrary divided into five groups (n=8), 1 was given 1ml distilled water as control group (G1), while the groups G2, G3, were drenched 1ml of olive oil and 100mg/kg.bw of Gallic acid respectively. As well as G4 was given 40mg/kg.bw of Atorvastatin and G5 used as a combination group drenched with the same dose of G2 and G3 together for 30 consecutive days. The higher body weight of experimental study rats at zero time was (162±4.05g) on average in gallic acid group. All the atherosclerosis induced rats demonstrated suppression of increase in body weight as compared to the control positive group which reported the high body weight (329±5.09g). The significant (P < 0.05) suppressions of body weight gain in atherogenic rats treated with Atorvastatin was observed at the end of the study as compared to the body weight of those in G1, G2, G3 and G5 respectively. Moreover, the results of the Nitric oxide (NO) revealed there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in all experimental groups after treatment. The highest means were shown in G4 (41.61 µmol/L) and G5(33.50 µmol/L) with non-significant difference between them, followed by G3 (23.92 µmol/L) which was significantly (P<0.05) lower than G4 and G5, but significantly (P<0.05) respectively. In the same line the histopathological section Aorta of control positive rats showed moderate to severe atherosclerosis was seen in the affected aorta wall, with three plaques with thickening of aorta wall. Alos, the aggregation of Atheroemboli that occupied 35% of lumen area of the affected aorta. While there was mild atherosclerosis was seen in the affected aorta wall. Note two mild atherosclerosis plaques, were observed as abnormal thickening in the affected aorta wall of Atorvastatin and combination group respectively. In conclusion, the results indicate that Olive oil and Gallic acid showed potential antiatherogenic effects but may require additional exploration to maximize their therapeutic benefits.