Osmolality of donor human milk rises dramatically within minutes of fortification with varied degrees depending on the fortifier used

The addition of fortifiers significantly increased the osmolality of DHM. However, the degree of increase varied depending on the nutrient composition and content of the fortifiers used. It remains a challenge to avoid the rapid increase in osmolality of DHM within a very short time after the addition of a fortifier, even when fortifying at the bedside.