Precision medicine in celiac disease: A step ahead

Celiac disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder where gluten ingestion triggers an immune response, damaging the small intestine in genetically predisposed individuals. Affecting around 1% of the global population, CD presents with diverse symptoms, including gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea and extraintestinal conditions such as anemia and osteoporosis, often complicating diagnosis. Advances in serology, histology, and genetic testing, such as HLA-DQ2/DQ8 analysis, have improved diagnostic accuracy. Precision medicine is transforming CD management by integrating genetic, clinical, and lifestyle data to enable risk prediction, personalized therapies, and improved outcomes. Tools like machine learning enhance early diagnosis, dietary management, and drug discovery, while electronic medical records support comprehensive patient profiling and disease monitoring. These technologies facilitate personalized healthcare delivery tailored to individual patient profiles.