Novel green synthesis of titanium oxide using <i>Lansium domesticum</i> Correa for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange

This paper presents an eco-friendly method to synthesize TiO 2 NPs using Lansium domesticum Correa fruit peel extract as a capping agent.A UV-Vis signal at 239 nm confirmed the role of the extract in synthesizing TiO 2 NPs, with XRD revealing a crystalline anatase TiO 2 phase.Rietveld refinement is used to analyze the precise structural characteristics of TiO 2 NPs and the acceptable model.FESEM showed spherical particles of 17.6 nm, and PSA indicated an average size of 43.3 nm.FTIR suggested that the phytochemicals of the peel extract be used as reducing and capping agents.The BET of TiO 2 NPs was 88.0470 m/g, with a mean pore diameter of 15. 2281 nm and total pore volume of 0.2299 cm 3 /g, TiO 2 NPs exhibited 97.74% photocatalytic degradation of MO dyes, indicating potential for application.The present findings offer an eco-friendly and cost-effective method and highlight Lansium domesticum peel waste as a potential reducing and capping agent for synthesizing TiO 2 NPs for wastewater treatment applications.This research significantly contributes to advances in sustainable materials science and environmental engineering.