Genomic features of Salmonella Bovismorbificans isolated from calves in British Columbia, Canada

<i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Bovismorbificans has been linked to outbreaks of foodborne human illnesses in the United States and Europe. In mid-2023, <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismorbificans was isolated from 4 calves from the Fraser Valley, British Columbia (BC). To our knowledge, this is the first isolation of this pathogen in cattle in BC. The lack of epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic data concerning <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismobificans in British Columbia dairy herds, along with its public health implications, prompted a retrospective review of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates recovered at the Animal Health Centre, Abbotsford, BC. We analyzed all <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes isolated from cattle between 2008 and 2023. <i>Salmonella</i> Dublin and <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium were the two most frequently isolated serotypes with no isolates of <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismorbificans identified between 2008 and mid-2023, and 4 <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismorbificans isolations between August and October 2023. These 4 <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismorbificans strains (2967, 3266, 3271, and 3876) were subjected to whole genome sequencing. Based on <i>in-silico</i> multi-locus sequence typing, the strains were identified as sequence type ST377. Our strains clustered closely with strains recovered from other domestic animals, including cattle, sheep, and goats, from diverse geographical locations, including the USA and Australia. PlasmidFinder software identified the presence of IncFIB and IncFII plasmids in all four strains. A total of 10 SPIs [SPI-1-5, 9, 13-14, centisome 63 (C63PI) and centisome 54 (CS54 island)] were detected in 4 strains except SPI-4 was not observed in strain 2967. A total of 158 virulence genes were predicted across the four strains while one strain (2967) had an additional virulence gene glycosyltransferase operons (<i>gtrA</i>) related to immunoinvasion. All four strains carried resistance genes for aminoglycosides, quinolones, peptides, nitroimidazoles, and multi-drug efflux pumps, but no resistance genes were detected for β-lactams, folate pathway antagonists, macrolides, or tetracyclines. Although <i>Salmonella</i> Bovismorbificans is not a common serotype in BC dairy herds, the genomic characteristics of the strains highlight the importance of thorough surveillance to monitor potential spread among susceptible herds and animal environments.