Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) Characteristics in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) analysis for total of 54 morphological, phenological, and fruit-related traits in 32 hot pepper test genotypes alongside 14 reference varieties at the DUS testing center, HREC, Devihosur, following PPV&FRA guidelines. Significant variability was observed across key descriptors, aiding in varietal differentiation and trait-based grouping. Correlation and path analyses revealed that the number of fruits per plant (direct effect: 0.91) and single fruit weight (indirect effect via fruit breadth: 0.50) had the strongest positive effects on yield, while fruit length showed a negative indirect influence on yield (−0.37). Several genotypes such as MHCP -350, RHHP -3452, BIO- 1006, and Lena demonstrated superior performance and distinct traits comparable to elite references like Byadagi Dabbi and Pusa Jwala. The results emphasize the importance of DUS testing in protecting new varieties, supporting breeding programs, and enhancing the commercial potential of chilli under diverse agro-ecological conditions.