Current Management of Acute Calculus Cholecystitis: Review Article

The management of acute calculus cholecystitis has seen a change in management with the introduction of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The management of high-risk patients or Tokyo Guideline grade 3, however, is an area of concern. Drainage of the gallbladder is a bridging procedure that is performed to stabilize patients to perform an interval cholecystectomy later. Percutaneous cholecystostomy is the most common drainage procedure, with endoscopic procedures like Endoscopic trans papillary gallbladder drainage and Endoscopic Ultrasound Gallbladder drainage being reserved for patients who will not undergo surgery. In this review, we will investigate the role of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, and drainage of the gallbladder in the management of acute cholecystitis.