PREVALENCE OF NANO FILLED COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS AND THEIR MARGINAL DISCOLORATION IN POSTERIOR TEETH

Background: Nano-filled composite resins have gained popularity in restorative dentistry due to their enhanced mechanical properties, superior polish ability, and improved aesthetics. Despite these advantages, marginal discoloration remains a common clinical concern, particularly in posterior restorations where stress and occlusal forces are significant. Aim: To assess the prevalence of nano-filled composite restorations in posterior teeth and evaluate the incidence and degree of marginal discoloration associated with these restorations. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 210 patients who received posterior composite restorations over a period of 6 months at Abbottabad International Dental College, Abbottabad after obtaining the IRB vide # AIDC/1D45/2024. Clinical examination was performed using modified USPHS (United States Public Health Service) criteria to evaluate marginal discoloration. Data on patient demographics, restoration age, cavity classification, and oral hygiene were also collected. Results: Out of 210 posterior restorations examined, 59% were nano-filled composites. Among these, 41% exhibited marginal discoloration. Discoloration was more prevalent in Class II restorations and increased with restoration age. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between discoloration and factors such as restoration age (p<0.05) and oral hygiene status. Conclusion: Nano-filled composites are widely used in posterior restorations due to their clinical advantages. However, marginal discoloration remains a prevalent issue, particularly in older restorations and those placed in high-stress areas. Regular monitoring and improved clinical techniques may reduce the incidence of such failures.