Establishing the range of variability of the width and height of the human visceral skull depending on the craniotype and gender

The aim of our study was to establish the existing range of individual anatomical variability of the width and height of the human visceral skull, depending on the craniotype and gender, by means of CT imaging. Methods. The material of the study was 125 CT images of the head of men and women aged 25 to 85 years without pathology of the bones of the skull, performed using a Neusoft NeuViz 16 Essence 16-Slice CT Scanner System. Visual analysis and craniometric measurements were performed using the Horos ver.4.0.1 program included in the CT scanner software and the Vidar Dicom Viewer ver. 3.3.1.9. The research was carried out with a slice thickness of 1.5 mm, followed by reconstruction in three planes. The width of the facial part of the skull was measured between the zygion points (zy-zy), the height – between the nazion and gnathion points (n-gn). The main facial index was calculated according to the Garson-Kolman formula. Results and conclusions. The range of variability of the width and height of the facial part of the human skull, depending on the extreme forms of the structure, has been established. The results were obtained, according to which the linear dimensions of the skull that we studied are directly dependent on the craniotype: the largest indicators of the width of the facial part of the skull are characteristic of euryprozops, and the smallest – leptoprozops. It was determined that the most significant difference between the above-mentioned indicators, namely their increase in men compared to women, is characteristic of advanced age and old age. There were no statistically significant differences in the width and height of the facial skull in representatives of the same sex, but different age groups. Diagrams of the ratio of various types of facial skull structure according to the main facial index were created and the most common combinations of them with types of skull structure according to the cranial index were established.