Eponyms in neuroanatomy: cells, vessels and meninges of central nervous system

Although eponymous terms are an integral part of medicine, at the same time they are the cause of a whole series of errors related to the duplication of some surnames, translation deficiencies, insufficient amount of materials about some scientists, which led to the exclusion of eponyms from the International Anatomical Nomenclature in 1955. However, eponyms continue to be widely used in clinical practice and are gradually returning to official anatomical terminology. They are present in Terminologia Neuroanatomica (TNA), approved in 2019 at the IFAA General Assembly, which confirms the relevance and expediency of the study, which is a continuation of many years of work on the study of eponyms in human anatomy, started by Professor, Doctor of Medicine M. A. Voloshin in 2010, and focused on cells, vessels and meninges of the central nervous system. The purpose of the study was to analyze eponymous terms in neuroanatomy in order to study, systematize them, and eliminate errors. The search and selection of literature for a systematic review was carried out by the authors independently in the PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases using the keywords "eponym", "anatomical terminology", "central nervous system", "neuroanatomy", in the full texts of articles in English and Ukrainian according to the results studies with evidence level I - III. As a result of the analysis, 9 eponymous terms were found, which are related to vessels and membranes, which were present in the first editions of the International Anatomical Nomenclature - Baseler Nomina Anatomica (BNA) – and are still found in Ukrainian publications on human anatomy. Also, about 50 eponyms and 46 eponymous terms (some of which contain the surnames of two researchers) related to CNS cells, vessels or meninges, which are displayed in TNA and are also used in clinical practice and literature, but which have no equivalent in modern Ukrainian anatomical nomenclature. All eponymous terms are systematized by groups in alphabetical order, information is given about the scientists whose name they bear, and the corresponding Latin term indicating the nomenclature in which they are found. As a result of the research of relevant literary sources, more than 200 eponymous terms from the anatomy of the central nervous system were found, of which about 60 terms refer to the cellular structure of the nervous system, vessels, meninges and meningeal spaces. The mentioned terms are given in TNA, however, only 9 of them were presented in Nomina anatomica Baselera.