A Comparative Study of Load Balancing Algorithms in Cloud Computing Environment

Load balancing is an important component in cloud computing that ensures of optimal resource distribution, improved system performance, and high availability.As cloud environments experience fluctuating user demands and dynamic workloads, effective load balancing techniques become essential to maintaining environment's scalability, reliability, and energy efficiency.This paper presents a comparative study of load balancing algorithms-static, dynamic, and hybrid.Forty-Nine research papers focused on load balancing are collected from various resources systematically analyzed and evaluated these algorithms based on key parameters-Load Distribution, Resource Allocation Efficiency, Adaptability, Scalability, Fault Tolerance, Overhead Costs, Energy Efficiency.This paper also highlighting researchers' key points, methodologies, and evaluation criteria given by them over the past decade.It has been found that Hybrid algorithms are the best choice for systems.Adaptability, fault tolerance, and energy efficiency of hybrid algorithms consistently rank high across these metrics, making them ideal for modern, distributed systems with dynamic workloads.I.