Controlled synthesis V₂O₃ microspheres with excellent catalytic activity on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Abstract This study aims to systematically investigate the thermal decomposition regulation of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the core oxidizer of solid propellants. We innovatively developed a hierarchical structure V 2 O 3 nanoflower synthesis strategy based on the solvothermal method and proposed a regulation mechanism and method for V 2 O 3 nanoflower through systematic research on the regulation of water/ethylene glycol solvent ratio on crystal phase and microstructure. The experiment showed that the prepared V 2 O 3 nanoflower exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the AP composite system: when the addition amount was 5 wt%, the high-temperature decomposition peak temperature of AP was significantly reduced by 50°C. This achievement provides an innovative solution for improving the combustion performance of new solid propellants by constructing a “nanostructure engineering-solvent ratio optimization” collaborative regulation system, which has important reference value in the fields of micro-nano catalyst design and combustion regulation.