Finite element analysis and local damage assessment of high-bearing capacity self-centering prefabricated bridge piers

Abstract Self-centering precast bridge piers have gained increasing attention due to their superior seismic resilience and rapid construction benefits. However, local damage at the pier base remains a critical issue affecting their performance. This study investigates the local damage characteristics of self-centering precast bridge piers and proposes optimization strategies to enhance their seismic performance. A refined finite element model is developed in ANSYS to simulate the seismic response of self-centering piers, analyzing key parameters such as stress distribution at the corners, plastic zone propagation, and crack evolution. The numerical results indicate that local damage is predominantly concentrated in the corner regions, and design parameters significantly influence the extent of damage. The analysis proposes two optimization strategies: utilizing ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and applying localized reinforcement techniques such as steel jacketing. The findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the design of self-centering precast bridge piers and offer practical guidance for improving their seismic performance, contributing to the advancement of more resilient and durable bridge structures.