L2PIAS: Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Identity Authentication for Secure V2V Communication

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) is a common communication model in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) that can disseminate messages swiftly. Through this communication model, vehicles can directly exchange different types of messages with each other through a public channel. Therefore, V2V communication suffers from different types of attacks due to its nature. Consequently, there are many security requirements such as authentication, privacy-preservation, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation should be satisfied. Recently, many different types of schemes have been proposed to mitigate these issues. However, these schemes suffer from computation and communication overheads. To address these issues, a Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Identity Authentication scheme for Secure V2V Communication (L2PIAS) is proposed. There are three main phases in the L2PIAS, such as the system initialization, vehicle registration, and V2V message dissemination phase. In our scheme, we utilize different types of cryptography techniques in efficient ways such as the lightweight elliptic curve, the AES algorithm, the XOR operation, and a hash function. The performance analysis of the L2PIAS demonstrates that the overall computation overhead in the registration phase and the V2V message dissemination phase is enhanced by 60 % and 88 %, respectively. Moreover, the overall communication overhead in the V2V message dissemination phase is enhanced by 85 %. Furthermore, the L2PIAS is robust against a wide range of common attacks.