TOPICAL ISSUES OF POLITICAL COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN RUSSIA (II)

Aim. To identify controversial issues in contemporary comparative political science and present to the scientific community mini-studies on some of the controversial issues in political comparative studies. Methodology. During the continuation of the round table (the beginning was published in No. 3 2024), held at Moscow University with the support of the Russian Social and Humanitarian Journal, topical issues of the methodology of political comparative studies were discussed (opportunities of the civilizational paradigm in conducting cross-cultural and cross-national political studies, use of the comparative historical method in political comparative studies), and the results of a comparative analysis of modern political institutions and processes in some countries of the near and far abroad were presented. Results. It has been established that the most promising field for comparative political science is the use of the civilizational approach as a methodology of comparative studies, as well as the use of qualitative methods of scientific research. Of greatest interest for comparative analysis are the 2024 elections in European countries, the interstate policy of China, the USA and India in the field of health care, as well as political processes and institutions in post-Soviet countries. Research implications. The results of the study may be of interest to political scientists specializing in the field of political comparative studies, theory and methodology, and the study of international relations.