Selected emissivity assessment issues for electric and hybrid vehicles

This paper presents selected issues concerning the assessment of the emissivity of electric and hybrid vehicles, referred to as zero- or low-emission vehicles. This paper proposes an analytical method to determine air pollutant emissions generated by road electric vehicles, and presents the results of air pollutant emissions measurements of hybrid vehicles obtained during real driving emissions tests (RDE). Air pollutant emissions measurements for hybrid vehicles were corrected for electricity consumption during operation and the pollutant emissions arising from electricity generation. The paper discusses the issue of air pollutant emissions of electric vehicles in relation to the changing sources of electricity generation in Poland over the past decade. It also presents the dynamics of change of in-use and newly registered electric and hybrid vehicles in Poland between 2022 and 2023. The aim of this paper is to compare the emissivity of electric vehicles, as well as hybrid vehicles, using the analytical method proposed in the paper to determine air pollutant emissions generated by electric vehicles.