Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum: A Neuroradiological Stroke Mimic

Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) represent a distinct radiological entity that can mimic ischaemic stroke on neuroimaging. We present a case of a 36-year-old male with persistent headaches and altered sensorium whose magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintense lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging with corresponding hypointensity on apparent diffusion coefficient maps in the splenium of the corpus callosum. The patient had no identifiable vascular risk factors, suggesting an alternative aetiology to stroke. CLOCCs can be associated with various conditions including infections, metabolic disorders, and drug toxicity. Recognition of this entity can prevent misdiagnosis as ischaemic stroke and guide appropriate management. Follow-up imaging confirmed the typically transient nature of these lesions, with complete resolution observed at four weeks