Germination and Initial Development of Hymenaea Stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne in Different Substrates and Irrigation Rates

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of plant substrates and irrigation rates on the initial growth and quality of Hymenaea stigonocarpa (jatobá-do-cerrado) seedlings, with a view to optimising production practices in the state of Maranhão. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on concepts of plant physiology and nursery management, considering the importance of substrates and irrigation in the development of seedlings of native species. Method: Four types of substrate were tested (S1: 100% commercial; S2: commercial + sand; S3: sand + coconut fibre; S4: 100% coconut fibre) and three irrigation rates (L1: 100% of evapotranspiration; L2: 150%; L3: 200%). Plant height, neck diameter, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and roots, as well as the Dickson index were evaluated. Results and Discussion: The emergence rate was high (91.11%). Substrate S1 showed the best results in all variables, followed by S3. Among the leaf blades, L1 favoured height and aerial mass, while L3 had the best overall performance. The results highlight the significant influence of the variables tested on seedling development. Research Implications: The findings help in the choice of substrates and irrigation strategies for efficient seedling production, contributing to reforestation and cerrado recovery projects. Originality/Value: The research is relevant because it deals with a native species that has been little studied in Maranhão, offering data applicable to sustainable management in forest nurseries.