On the impact of various mobility concepts on integrated energy systems

• We analyse the impact of various electrified mobility concepts incl. motorised individual transport, public transport and shared autonomous electric vehicles on energy systems. • We point out that strong replacement of cars with internal combustion engine by electrified ones is needed in transport systems with strong focus on motorised individual transport by cars. • We highlight that public transport is more efficient mobility and thus may offer more electricity for further applications while lowest curtailment rates are found for car-dominated transport. Integrated energy systems are a key towards sustainable energy supply. Sector coupling enables the use of renewable electricity in so far not electrified sectors to replace current use of fossil fuel-based energy supply. One of such sectors is the mobility sector, in which currently mostly fossil fuel-based engines are used. However, various different possible mobility concepts are discussed aiming on less greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector. From an energy system’s perspective, these options have different impacts regarding their energy efficiency, their suitability as flexible loads, or their suitability to act as bidirectional energy storage. In this study, we therefore analyse the impact of different mobility concepts, including also new concepts like shared autonomous electric vehicles (SAEV), and thus go beyond a continuation of the current dominance of motorised individual transport. For this purpose, we model different scenarios for the case of a German city using linear optimisation for charging. Our results underline the different opportunities for single concepts and the role of modal split in the overall energy system. The wide use of SAEV might reduce the final energy transport due to higher efficiency, but as long as individual motorised transport by cars dominates the mobility sector, effective defossilisation without electrified cars is not possible. Best results regarding energy efficiency as well as utilisation of renewables can be reached in scenarios considering a mixture of motorised individual transport, public transport as well as non-motorised or reduced transport.